By Andi Anderson
This year has proven challenging for farmers battling weeds across southeastern Ohio and other regions. Despite changes in weather patterns, drought conditions late in the summer have made weeds more visible and problematic throughout the growing season.
Problem weeds commonly seen this year include johnsongrass, cocklebur, foxtails, spotted knapweed, hemp dogbane, horsenettle, smooth bedstraw, ragweed, ironweed, and yellow nutsedge. Among these, johnsongrass, foxtail, and spotted knapweed have raised the most concern, appearing even in areas where they were not found previously.
The question many producers ask is simple: what is the best course of action against weeds? Before jumping to control measures, it’s important to understand why weed management matters. Weeds reduce forage quality, limit new stand establishment, compete for nutrients and light, and in some cases, pose toxicity risks to livestock.
Experts recommend taking an integrated approach that combines soil fertility management, grazing control, mowing, and selective herbicide use.
Soil fertility: Weed issues often start with poor soil fertility. Farmers should begin by conducting a soil test—especially if one hasn’t been done in the past three years. Fall is the ideal time for testing since the soil is drier and easier to sample. Correcting soil pH and nutrient levels helps strengthen desired forage plants, making it harder for weeds to dominate.
Grazing management: Overgrazing is another major contributor to weed infestations. Moving from continuous grazing to a rotational grazing system allows forages to recover, improves root health, and reduces bare spots where weeds can invade. Short-term high-density grazing can also suppress certain weeds through trampling and competition.
Integrated weed control: A comprehensive weed management strategy involves cultural, mechanical, biological, and chemical methods. Cultural practices include improving soil fertility and reseeding desired forages. Mechanical approaches such as mowing prevent weeds from going to seed. Biological control, like grazing goats or sheep, can help target weeds that cattle ignore. Chemical control—spot-spraying or selective herbicide application—should always follow label directions and take into account grazing or haying restrictions.
Ultimately, effective weed control relies on addressing root causes rather than only treating symptoms. Farmers seeking tailored guidance can reach out to their local extension offices for personalized management plans and ongoing support.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-zoomtravels
Categories: Ohio, Rural Lifestyle