By Andi Anderson
Hay quality in 2024 declined significantly due to rain delays, leading to more mature and less nutritious forage. Analyzing 1,127 hay samples from Kentucky, researchers found wide variations in crude protein and total digestible nutrients (TDN).
Many samples required supplementation to meet the energy needs of lactating beef cows.
To improve hay quality in 2025, farmers can adopt a few simple but effective practices:
- Fertilize properly: Apply nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium based on soil test results. Avoid overusing phosphorus-rich fertilizers like 10-10-10.
- Apply nitrogen early: Mid-March fertilization with 80 lb N/A boosts spring growth, increasing yield and crude protein levels.
- Harvest at the boot stage: Mowing before seed head emergence ensures high-quality forage with better digestibility.
- Mow early in the day: In rainy climates, cutting mid-morning after dew dries maximizes curing time.
- Use a mower-conditioner: This shortens curing time by allowing moisture to escape faster, reducing rain risks.
- Spread swaths wide: A wider swath speeds up drying, improving hay quality.
- Rake or ted at 40-50% moisture: This prevents leaf loss, preserving nutrition.
- Bale at 18-20% moisture: This reduces mold growth and heating, preventing spoilage.
- Store hay properly: Keep bales off the ground and under cover to prevent moisture damage.
- Consider baleage: Baleage shortens drying time, preserving nutrients better than traditional hay.
Testing hay quality is crucial for proper supplementation. Farmers should consult local extension agents or nutritionists for analysis and feeding recommendations.
Curious on how to evaluate your hay quality? Check out this article for more information: https://ohioagconnection.com/news/evaluating-hay-quality-to-ensure-safe-and-nutritious-feed
Photo Credit: hay-demand-remains-good
Categories: Ohio, Education