Managing Forage and Stalk Grazing Challenges In 2025

By Andi Anderson

This year’s weather has been challenging for livestock producers. While some areas were too wet to make hay, others stayed dry and struggled with growth.

Recent rains have helped pastures rebound, but with shorter days ahead, forage growth is slowing, and hay quality remains inconsistent. The decisions farmers make now will shape livestock performance into next spring.

Grazing pastures too tightly may seem tempting but often does more harm than good. Plants need about four inches of stubble to stay healthy and store energy for regrowth.

Overgrazing forces plants to use root reserves, slowing recovery and reducing next year’s yield. Allowing rest now is the best investment for the future.

Late-summer annuals and warm-season forages can provide options, though caution is needed with crops like sorghum-sudan and Johnsongrass, which may produce toxic prussic acid after frost.

Corn residue offers one of the best fall grazing opportunities. Cows first eat leftover grain, then husks and leaves, and finally stalks. Nutritional value declines over time, starting near 8% protein and dropping to about 5% within 60 days. Dry cows can manage well, but growing calves or lactating cows will need supplements.

Proper management of stalk grazing is crucial. Strip grazing with polywire helps maintain consistent feed quality, spreads manure more evenly, and extends the grazing season. Access to water, reliable fencing, and dry field conditions are essential.

Following with cover crops like rye or wheat helps trap nutrients, reduce erosion, and improve soil health.

Hay quality also varies widely this year. Many samples are low in protein and energy due to weather delays. Forage testing is strongly recommended to avoid guessing.

Relative Feed Value (RFV) serves as a helpful measure, with good hay scoring above 120 and poor-quality hay often 20–40 points lower. Low-RFV hay requires protein or energy supplements such as corn gluten feed.

Experts emphasize the importance of careful planning this fall. Protecting pastures, managing stalks wisely, and balancing rations based on forage tests will help ensure healthy cattle and better forages when spring returns.

Photo Credit: istock-sandramatic