By Jamie Martin
As temperatures climb in summer, the risk of cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae, increases in stagnant livestock water sources. These bacteria can produce toxins that harm or kill animals quickly.
Cyanobacteria flourish in warm, nutrient-rich water. Nutrients from improperly applied fertilizers or manure runoff can feed the algae, leading to rapid bloom formation. These blooms often appear as scum on the surface and may change colour when dried.
Animals exposed to these toxins may show signs of neuro or liver damage, including staggering, muscle tremors, or even sudden death.
Many livestock are found dead before symptoms are noticed. Toxicity depends on water intake, toxin concentration, and species.
If a livestock death is suspected to be linked to cyanobacteria, farmers should consult a veterinarian. “A veterinarian can determine which samples would be appropriate for each situation,” explained Jake Galbreath, an extension specialist.
Water sampling must be done safely. Wear gloves and collect samples both from the bloom and deeper water layers.
Keep the sample cool, but not frozen, before submitting it to a diagnostic lab. Tests can identify toxins or confirm algae presence under a microscope.
To prevent these blooms, farms should control nutrient runoff through careful fertilizer application, buffer strips, and erosion control. Reducing phosphorus and nitrogen runoff limits algae growth.
Other key steps include fencing off risky ponds, using deeper water pumped to tanks, or switching to alternative sources during dry, hot periods. Designated drinking zones away from algae-prone areas can reduce exposure risks.
Proactive water management helps farmers protect their herds and avoid losses. Learn more about sampling and prevention through agriculture extension resources online. Staying alert during hot seasons helps reduce risks to livestock and wildlife.
Categories: National