By Andi Anderson
Ohio cattle producers are being reminded that winter feed planning starts with a probe—specifically, a hay probe. Following a year of erratic weather, including heavy spring rains and scattered summer storms, forage quality across the state has dropped significantly.
According to Ohio State University Extension, hay samples collected statewide show nutrient levels below what beef cattle require for late gestation and lactation.
Spring-calving cows typically need 49% Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN) three months before calving and 60% TDN at peak milk production. However, recent forage analyses revealed wide variation.
Grass hay ranged from 25.3% to 59.0% TDN, while haylage averaged 42.8% to 58.0%. Mixed and legume hays performed better, with TDN levels up to 69.6% and 61.9%, respectively. Crude protein content varied from 5.83% to 21.7%, while cows require at least 7% before calving and 11% during lactation.
These figures show why forage testing is critical before winter feeding begins. While color, texture, and smell can hint at quality, only a laboratory forage analysis provides accurate nutrient data.
Knowing the actual TDN and Crude Protein (CP) levels allows producers to create balanced rations that meet cows’ nutritional demands without wasting feed or supplements.
Farmers can easily obtain a hay probe through local Extension offices or feed suppliers, ensuring accurate sampling and reliable results. The cost of testing is minimal compared to the benefits—improved feed efficiency, stronger herd health, and higher productivity.
With livestock prices strong and grain prices lower, now is the perfect time to assess forage inventories and develop a feeding strategy with a nutritionist.
By starting winter feed planning early and relying on accurate forage data, Ohio cattle producers can ensure healthy herds and efficient operations throughout the cold months.
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Categories: Ohio, Livestock, Weather