Winter Planning Helps Farmers Improve Pasture Health for Next Season

By Andi Anderson

As winter approaches, farmers are encouraged to take time to evaluate their pasture management strategies and prepare for a more productive grazing season next year.

Experts emphasize that producers must think like forage managers first, since healthy pastures ultimately support healthier livestock. When pastures receive proper care, they become more resilient and productive throughout the year.

A key step in winter planning is conducting a soil test. Many forage grasses and legumes perform best when the soil pH ranges between 6.0 and 6.8.

Soil testing also provides valuable information about nutrient levels and helps determine whether pastures have the fertility needed for strong growth.

Many farmers still rely on continuous grazing, which requires minimal infrastructure but often leads to overgrazed pastures. When livestock freely graze preferred plants, desirable species weaken over time. For example, orchardgrass has a growing point just two inches above the soil surface.

If grazing consistently removes growth below this point, plants lose their stored energy, photosynthesis slows, and root systems become shallow. As a result, pastures lose grazing days, recover slowly after dry conditions, and become more vulnerable to weeds.

A more sustainable option is rotational grazing, which involves controlling how long livestock remain in each area and how much forage is removed.

Temporary electric fencing can be an affordable tool for this system. Ideal grazing practices include entering pastures at about eight inches of growth and leaving at four inches.

Research shows that removing too much leaf material significantly reduces root growth, limiting a plant’s ability to survive and regrow.

Another useful strategy is designating a sacrifice area during hot or dry periods. Feeding livestock in one small area prevents widespread pasture damage and keeps most grazing acres protected. This approach makes it easier and less costly to repair damaged ground.

Ultimately, successful pasture management requires planning and consistent observation. Farmers are encouraged to test soil every three years, maintain proper grazing heights, and allow for rest and regrowth.

Local NRCS and extension offices can help producers build effective grazing plans. By focusing on forage health, farmers can build stronger, more productive pastures for the future.

Photo Credit: gettyimages-sasiistock