Ohio State Helps Farmers Tackle Hidden Slug Threat Early

By Andi Anderson

Farmers often face challenges in detecting slug damage until it becomes serious. Slugs are small pests that attack young corn and soybean crops by feeding on leaves during early growth stages. Their presence is difficult to notice because they hide under crop residue and soil during the day. Signs of infestation include irregular holes in leaves, ragged feeding patterns, and thin, silvery trails on plants.

Researchers from The Ohio State University College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences (CFAES), along with Ohio State Extension, the Ohio Soybean Council, and the United Soybean Board, are working together to address this problem. They monitor slug activity across the state and share weekly updates through the C.O.R.N. newsletter. This helps farmers plan timely scouting and take preventive action.

Slug populations are often higher in fields that use no-till or reduced-tillage practices, as well as those with cover crops. These methods support soil health but also create a suitable environment for slugs to grow. Farmers must carefully manage these practices to balance soil conservation and pest control.

Researchers are now focusing on long-term solutions. Studies are being conducted to understand how natural predators, such as ground beetles, can help control slug populations. Experts are also exploring how farming methods can support natural pest management systems.

“Understanding where slugs appear and helping farmers respond earlier may matter more than trying to control them later.” said Kelley Tilmon, professor of entomology.

Corn crops can often recover from minor slug damage, but soybeans are more vulnerable, especially if the growing point is affected during early growth. To help farmers, CFAES has released a slug management guide that provides clear information on identifying damage, monitoring fields, and making better management decisions.

Experts highlight that early detection and regular monitoring are the most effective ways to manage slugs. Once damage is visible, control options are limited and often costly. By learning to identify risks early, farmers can reduce crop losses and improve overall productivity.

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