By Andi Anderson
The New World screwworm is a dangerous parasite that threatens livestock, wildlife, pets, and people. Unlike most flies, it lays eggs in open wounds or body openings of living animals.
Once hatched, the larvae feed on living tissue, causing severe damage, infection, and, if untreated, death.
Although the United States eradicated New World screwworm in 1966, recent northward movement toward the Texas border has raised new concerns.
Because this parasite can spread quickly, federal agencies are preparing livestock producers and veterinarians with clear prevention and treatment options.
Treating and preventing screwworm infestations requires timely access to veterinary medications. However, gaining full approval for animal drugs can take many years.
To address urgent needs, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration uses faster pathways, including conditional approval and Emergency Use Authorization.
Under conditional approval, animal drugs may be marketed once they are proven safe and show a reasonable expectation of effectiveness. Currently, two cattle products have received conditional approval to prevent and treat screwworm infestations. These medications help kill maggots, protect wounds, and prevent reinfestation when used exactly as labeled.
Emergency Use Authorizations provide temporary access to additional treatments during serious outbreaks. One such authorization allows the preventive use of ivermectin injections in specific cattle situations. These emergency approvals give veterinarians more flexibility when limited treatment options exist.
Early detection remains critical. Producers should regularly inspect animals, especially newborn calves and animals with wounds or recent procedures. Any suspicious wound, larvae, or unusual behavior must be reported immediately to a veterinarian or animal health authority.
Treatment typically includes careful cleaning of the wound, removal of visible larvae, and use of approved antiparasitic products. Quick action helps reduce suffering, prevent reinfestation, and protect nearby animals.
Preparedness, monitoring, and rapid response are essential to protect U.S. livestock. Clear guidance and available treatments support a safe, affordable, and sustainable agricultural system.
FAQs:
1.What animals are most at risk from New World screwworm?
Livestock with open wounds, newborn animals, wildlife, pets, and occasionally people are at risk.
2. Why is early reporting so important?
Early reporting helps stop the spread, reduces animal suffering, and prevents large economic losses.
3. Can farmers treat screwworm infestations themselves?
No. A veterinarian must confirm the diagnosis and guide proper treatment and reporting procedures.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-digitalvision
Categories: Ohio, Livestock